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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. W. NAYLOR.

HYDRAULIC PUMPING MACHINE.

No. 538,880. Patented May 7, 1895.

I VY TNESS (No Model.) 5 SheetsSheet 3.

E. W. NAYLOR. HYDRAULIC PUMPING MAUHINE.

No. 538,880.; Patented May 7, 1895.

.7 1 .5. s m r A WITNESSES [NVENTOR Darren STATES PATE T Genres.

ERNEST W. NAYLOR, OF BOUND BROOK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE GENERAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRAULIC PUMPING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 538,880, dated May 7, 1895. Application filed December '7, 1894. Serial No. 531,125. (No model.)

be used for all other appropriate purposes,

such for instance, as pressureincreasing or reducing apparatus in hydraulic plants.

The object of my invention is to construct a machine for heavy service, in which the large sized parts require that the loads and strains be equalized, and that the heavy moving parts be counter-balanced; also that the friction be reduced to the minimum and the a machine rendered wholly automatic, requiring as little skilled attention as possible for countries in which skilled labor is scarce, or the location remote from manufacturing centers.

A feature of my improvement is also to con T struct the machine in sectional parts of small size adapted for convenience of transportation.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to understand and use the same, I will proceed to describe the details of its construction, explain its operation, and subsequently point out'in the appended claims its novel characteristics.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference indi-v cate corresponding parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine, partly in section; Fig. 2, a rearelevation, partly in section; Fig. 3, a rearward sectional elevation taken on the line on m, Fig. 4; Fig. 4, a sectional side elevation taken on thelineyy,Figs. 1, 2, and 3; Fig. 5, aplan view, and Fig. 6 an enlarged'detail sectional view of the tappet-actuated valve.

The general organization of. the machine is duplex, and all the large moving parts move vertically, so that lateral pressure of the rams and pistons against the cylinders or packing glands by reason of gravity is avoided, and

said parts are balanced mechanically and partially or wholly counterbalanced hyd raulieally.

The general organization consistsv as follows:

A is the inlet of the apparatus connected to the lesser column of water, of for instance .200 feet.

B, is the delivery, connected to the greater column, of for instance .600 feet.

0, is the surplus discharge pipe.

D, D are the operating rams, and E, E, the forcing rams attached respectively thereto. These are balanced and caused to move simultaneously in opposite directions on opposite sides of the machine by means of the beam F. f

G,'G are the distributing valves for the op erating rams D, D respectively, and H, H are the distributing valves for the forcing rams E, E, respectively. These valves are balanced, connected and operated through the agency of the beam I.

The discharge Water from the operating rams D, D, all except the surplusage released at.O, gravitates through the down-take pipes J, J, to the valves H, H, to be forced by the rams-E, E, through E.

The beam I, and distributing valves, are operated full stroke irrespective of the length of stroke or the lineal speed of the operating rams D,- D, by means of a motor K, and this motor is worked by the controlling valve L operated by tappet mechanism from the said rams.

Referring more particularly to details, the framework of the machine is composed of pillars 1, 1, 2, supporting the operating cylinders 3, 3, by means of their lugs 8, and the forcing cylinders 4, 4, are held in fixed relation to the cylinders 3, 3, by bolting the bases 5, of said cylinders 4 between the bases of the pillars 1, 1, 2. Shoulders 6, are cast on the pillars 1, 1, 2, which interlock with corresponding steps in the cylinder bases 5, 5, and hold the parts against vertical displacement when the flanges 7, are laterally bound together by bolts. No base is required further than that formed by the pieces 1, 2, and 5, to take the strain of the rams; foundations enough to support the weight of the machine being allthat is necessary. The cylinders 3, 3, aretied laterally together as seen in Fig. 1, by means of cross-ties 9, extended upward to form the pillars 10, of the beam F.

The delivery pipe 13, resting in the foundations forms a base to support the weight of the valve cylinders; those 11, ll, of the valves H, H, resting on the branches of the said pipe, while the cylinders 12, 12, of the valves G, G, are supported on the branches of the inlet breeches A, resting on the pillar 15, which in turn rests on the said delivery pipe B. The cross-tie 16, binds the cylinders 12,12 together, and is extended upward to form the pillar 17, of the beam I. The guides 18, 19, in the super-structure are supported on the cylinder heads 20, and 21. The entire machine is thereby built up of small separable sections for convenience of transportation.

Vertical space is economizedbyv constructing the differential rams D, and E, the one within the other; the cylinder 4 being of smaller external diameter than the internaldiameter of the ram D so that the ram- D may telescope over the cylinder 4, while the advantage of using externally packed glands 22, 23, is preserved.

The operating rams D, D"carrying their respective forcing rams, are connected to the extremities of the beam F, by means of piston rods 24, extending through packing. glands 25, guided by cross-heads 26, in the guides 18, and having connecting links 27.

The distributing valves comprising-the pistons G are connected with theextremities of the beam I, by means of pistonrods 28, passing through packing glands 29, guided by cross-heads 30, and having connecting links 31, as seen in Fig. 3. i

The distributing'valves comprising the pistons H, are connected with the intermediate portions of the beam I, by piston rods 32, having packing glands 33, extending through the clearance openings 34, 35, in the breechespipe A and valve case 12, and guided by guide'lugs 36 in the pillar 17, and having connecting links 37, as also seen in Fig. 3.

Upon the fulcrum shaft 40, of the ram connecting beam F, there is mounted a tappet arm 41, Fig.1, which engages with the adjustable tappets 42, 43, to operate the controlling valve L. The valve L, shown in section'in Fig. 6, consists of two pistons 44, 45, adapted to alternate the pressure flow from a suitable source through the pipes 46, 47, to the opposite cylinders48, 49 of themotor K, Figs. 2 and 5, and actuate the motor to operate the dis tributing valves G, G, H, H. Water under pressure is constantly supplied between the valve pistons 44, 45, through-the tube 50, from the inlet pipe A, and as the-valve L reciprocates upward, the water pressure is admitted through the tube 47 to the cylinder 49 of the motor K, and discharged from the cylinder48 through tube 46, under the piston45, through discharge tubes 53, 55, to discharge outlet 0. When the valveL reciprocates downward,the

water pressure is admitted through the tube 46, to the cylinder 48, of the motor K, and discharged from the cylinder 49, through tube 47, over the piston 44, through d ischarge tubes 54, 55, to outlet C.

The motor K, comprises two plungers 56, 57, operating in the cylinders 49, 48, and connected by a yoke 58, vibrating the rock arm 59, attached to the fulcrum shaft 60, of the distributing valve connecting beam I.

A starting lever 61,.Eig. 1, is provided, suitably connected to the controlling valve tappet rod 62, and by means of said lever, the machine may be started after the admission gate Valve which is generally to be used in connection with the inlet A, has been opened,or when emergency requires immediate stoppage, the motor K, and entire apparatus can be arrested at intermediate stroke of the rams D, D, by bringingthe lever 61, to a mid-position as shown in Fig. 1.

The orderiof motions occur as follows in the operation of the machine: The-gate to the inlet A, being opeued, and thetlevcr 61, moved from its mid-position in either direction, the Water under pressure flows through the tube 50, and tube 46 or 47 as the case may be, to the motor K, actuating the distributing valves G, H, and G, H, simultaneously in opposite directions, by means of the beam I. For instance the valves G, H rise, admitting water from the inlet breeches A through the port 65110 the operating ram. D, simultaneously opening the port 67 from the forcing ram E to the delivery pipe B. On the opposite side of the machine, the valves G, H, simultaneously fall, opening the port 66, from the op erating ram D, to the out-letQand admitting water from thedowntakc J, through the port 68, to the ram E. The same operation is then repeatedly reversed by the automatic motion of the valve L, imparted by the tap pet arm4l.

Any length of stroke can be imparted to the rams by the adjustment of the tappets 42, 43, on thescrew threaded valve rod 62, regulating the moment of cut-off of the istributing valves G, H, G, H. The ports 65, 66, 67, 68, surround the valve pistons G, G, II, H, and the edges of the pistons as also the edges-of the ports are left sharp so as to shear off any lodging:obstructions. The constant pressure of the lesser column of water under the larger piston valves'G, G, and the constant pressure of thegreater column under the smaller pistonvalves .ll, I1, partially or wholly counter-balance the Weight of said pistons, balanced by thebeam I, and the pistons G, G being of equal diameter, as also the pistons H, H, are of equal diameter, the Work of the motor K, is practically reduced to that of merely overcoming frictional resistance, which resistance isalso reduced to the minimum by reason of the vertical sus pension of the pistons, and the surrounding ports 65, 66, (37, 68, balancing lateral pressure on all sides.

The forcing stroke of one set of rams, as for instance, D, .E, controls the simultaneous recovering stroke of the other set of rams D, E, through the agency of the beam F, which balances them, but the column of water in the corresponding downtake as for instance J, will nearly counter-balance the weight of the upward moving set of rams D, E, while the valve H, is down, reducing the strain on the beam F, practically to that caused by the small friction of the vertically suspended rams.

I find inpractice, that the herein described apparatus will give an efficiency of about eighty-five per cent. as against sixty-five per cent. efh'ciency obtained in the best known water raising apparatus heretofme used for raising large volumes.

The herein described apparatus is suitably adapted for a capacity of raising eight million gallons of water per twenty-four hours, under the heads hereinbefore mentioned. The operating rams D, D, may be advantageously constructed of sixty-two inches diameter and given seventy-two inches stroke.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pumping apparatus the combination of two vertical plunger pumps, two motive cylinders and pistons of predominating area above the pumps respectively, means for moving said pistons in opposite directions simultaneousl y, two long stroke distributing valves for the motive cylinders, two short stroke distributing valves for the pumps, and a vibratin g operating beam for said valves, connected to the said motive cylinder valves from greater radii of said beam, and connected to the said pump valves from lesser radii of said beam.

2. In a duplex hydraulically operated apparatus, the combination of two admission valves for admitting motive fluid to the actuating part of the apparatus consisting in vertically reciprocating pistons, respective ports controlled thereby, inlets for the operating fluid beneath said pistons wherein the pressure of said fluid partially or wholly counterbalances the same, and a vibrating beam mechanically connected at opposite sides of its fulcrum to said pistons adapted to move them in opposite directions simultaneously, and to balance the weight of one by the other.

3. A pump valve, consisting in a vertically reciprocating piston, a lateral port connecting with the pump, an inlet above thepiston, and a delivery passage below the piston, wherein the back pressure of the delivered fluid partially or Wholly counter-balances the weight of said piston.

4. In a duplex pumping apparatus, the combination of two. single acting force pumps working in opposite directions simultaneously, of two pump valves consisting in vertically reciprocating pistons, respective lateral ports connecting with the pumps, inlets above the said pistons, delivery passages below said pistons, in which back-pressure is adapted to partially or wholly counter-balance the weight of said pistons, and a vibrating beam mechanically connected at opposite sides of its fulcrum, to said pistons, moving them in opposite directions simultaneously, and balancing them, the one by the weight of the other.

5. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the combination of an operating ram, a forcing ram, a distributing valve for the said operating ram, a distributing valve for the said forcing ram, a motor for actuating both said valves, and a controlling valve for the motor mechanically actuated by said rams.

.6. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the combination of two vertically reciprocating operating rams, two vertically reciprocating. forcing rams respectively attached thereto, a vibrating beam mechani cally connected to balance said rams, a controlling valve actuated by the said beam connected to the rams, a motor, and suitable hydraulic connections between the controlling valve and the motor, a vibrating beam operated by the motor, and two series of oppositely moving distributing valves for the rams mechanically connected to said beam that is operated by the motor, substantially as described.

7. In a hydraulically operated pumping apparatus, the combination of two vertical operating rams and respectively attached forcing rams, a vibrating beam connected from opposite extremities to the rams, a controlling valve having tappets, a tappet arm on the said beam for engaging said tappets, a motor, a second vibrating beam actuated by the motor, and two series of vertically reciprocating distributing valves respectively connected to opposite extremities of said second beam, the whole adapted for the operation of the said distributing valves mechanically'independent of the rams, thereby giving a movement which throws the said distributing valves full open either way irrespective of the length of stroke, or lineal speed of said rams.

8. In a pumping apparatus, the organiza tion of the frame-work, consisting in two vertical operating cylinders mounted on pillars, two forcing cylinders vertically beneath the operating cylinders, arranged to bind said pillars together, and a cross-tie uniting the operating cylinders and supporting the beam column; the operating cylinders supporting the cross-head guides, substantially as shown.

9. The two vertical series of valve casings independently supported by U-shaped con necting pipes beneath them and suitable pedestals supporting said pipes from a central point in the foundation, substantially as described.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 26th day of November, A. D. 1894.

ERNEST W. NA-YLOR.

Witnesses;

F. B. GLEAvER, H. F. PARKER.

ICO 

